What Are Supports in 3D Printing?

What Are Supports in 3D Printing?

An FDM 3D printer works by depositing layer over layer of thermoplastics to create a 3D object. Thus, each new layer must be supported by the layer beneath it.

 

If your model has an overhang that is not supported by anything below, there's a possibility it will drop or fall. To ensure a successful print you'll need additional 3D printed support structures.

 

In this article, we’ll learn more about supports, and when and why you need them.

What Are They?

overhang bridge
Source: hubs

The support structure is the added part that supports the overhanging structure or bridge structure when slicing the model, which needs to be removed after printing. Support structures help to ensure the printability of a part during the 3D printing process.

When Do You Need Them?

fdm fail
Source: hubs

Generally, when your model has an overhang structure or a bridge structure, you may need to use support to be able to 3D print it, otherwise, the print will fail as shown in the picture above.

 

Supports can help to prevent part deformation, secure a part to the printing bed and ensure that parts are attached to the main body of the printed part.

Not All Overhangs Need Supports

45degree rule
Source: all3dp

If an overhang tilts at an angle less than 45 degrees from the vertical, then you may be able to print that overhang without using 3D printing support structures.

 

Let’s imagine you have to 3D print models of the letters Y and T. An FDM printer can easily print the arms of the letter Y without requiring support structures. Even though the model looks outstretched, it doesn’t extend past 45 degrees.

 

On the other hand, The letter T requires support to be printed. There is nothing below extended arms to be printed on and the material will fall down without supports.

Not All Bridges Require Support

5mm rule
Source: all3dp

Similar to overhangs, not all bridges need support. If a bridge has a length less than 5mm, the printer may print it without requiring support structures. However, if the bridge is longer than 5mm, this method won't work. In this case, you need to add support structures.

Minimize Support by Reorientation

reorientation

You can often minimize the use of support structures by cleverly reorienting the model on the build plate. For example, if you're printing a model that has a bridge at the top, you can avoid using supports if you flip it upside down.

You can reorientate your models using a slicer software such as Cura.

Reference:

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